Abstract: Discussion and consultation were conducted globally to determine a roadmap for world biodiversity conservation after 2010. A strategic plan for the period 2011-2020 was adopted at the tenth meeting of the Conference of the Signatories to the Convention on Biological Diversity, held in Japan, October 2010. The strategic plan established 2020 global biodiversity targets, designed a roadmap and a timetable for world biodiversity conservation, and provided a flexible framework for establishment of national targets. Views of the Parties to the Convention on Biological Diversity about 2020 targets were analyzed, connotations of the 2020 targets were interpreted;latest development of the study on indices for assessment of the 2020 targets was reviewed;and suggestions were put forth for further strengthening the study on biodiversity assessment indices, building up standards and networks for monitoring of biodiversity, and conducting long-term biodiversity monitoring.