Abstract: Based on the data of energy consumption of Shaanxi Province in 2001- 2011, carbon emission of Shaanxi Province was analyzed in terms of quantity and pressure. A decoupling decomposition model was established using the LMDI method for analysis of carbon pressure of the province. The extended Kaya identical equation was adopted to analyze impacts of 5 factors, i.e. carbon emission intensity of the energy, energy structure, energy efficiency, economic effect and environmental effect, on the pressure of carbon emission on the environment in Shaanxi Province. Results indicate that the total carbon emission from energy consumption in Shaanxi Province was 248% higher in 2011 than in 2001, and the environmental pressure caused by carbon emission was 141.76% higher. Economic effect plays a promoting role in the growth of carbon emission, while energy efficiency and environmental effect are the two factors that have some inhibitory effect on carbon emission pressure. Therefore, to improve energy utilization efficiency and to increase forest coverage are the two main means to reduce carbon emission pressure in the province.