控制稻田甲烷排放的农业耕作条件的研究
Research on the Effect of Different Cultivation Methods on Methane Emission from Rice Paddies
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摘要: 在1990—1992年期间中国环境科学研究院观测了北京地区洼里乡的稻田中甲烷的排放情况。其间农田中施用了有机堆肥和几种化学肥料,以观察化学肥料和有机肥料对甲烷排放的影响。结果显示,在通常的农业耕作条件下本地区甲烷排放水平为17.6mg/m2·h,并且在整个生长期中间有两个排放高峰,高峰期甲烷排放量占全年排放总量的65%以上,试验结果还显示有机肥料具有增加甲烷排放的作用;化学肥料,如硫胺、尿素等,在其有效作用期间,有抑制甲烷排放的作用,间歇灌溉是有效控制甲烷排放的方法之一。Abstract: The methane release fluxes from paddies in complete rice growth period have been monitored in Wali County of Beijing City from 1990 to 1992. Different fertilizers were applied in the fields in order to test the effect of organic and chemical fertilizer on methane emission. The results show that average methane emission rate was 17. 6mg/m2·h under common managementl and exhibited a strong seasonal variation with maximum emission flux around Aug 15. The methane emission during the climax period accounted for more than 65% of the total methane emission in the whole year. Experimental results also show that animal manure enhances methane emission?ammonium sulfate suppresses the methane emission during its effective period. Intermittent irrigation seems to be one of the effective ways to reduce the methane emission from paddy fields.