Abstract: Taking geomorphology and vegetation characters as the bases, the southern part of Shandong Province has been classified into five landscape types and fifteen landscapes subtypes. According to the similarities and the differences between the landscape types, index systems of sparse vegetation and forest vegetation landscape and dry farming and dry land crop paddy rice rotation landscape were selected for the ecological evaluation of landscape subtypes. After those indices been graded and weighted, a composite evaluation index (CEI) had been worked out. With the CEI, the present ecological situation of the landscapes were classified into three types: normal landscape (CEI>0.70), critical landscape (0.50 < CEI ≤ 0.70 ) and extremely critical landscape (CEI ≤ 0.50 ). The areas of the three types of landscape accounted for 37.9%, 17.5% and 44.6% of the total area of the southern part of Shandong Province, respectively. It has been concluded that the landscape ecology of this area should be restored imminently.