Abstract: Based on an investigation using questionnaire and on-site survey,analysis was conducted of the status quo of pollution and disposition of rural household waste in Chunhua,Shaanxi Province.Three major waste disposition schemes,i.e.household biogas pits,household composting pits,and small-sized refuse incinerators,were evaluated and compared in economic benefit,energy benefit and resource-environment benefit.Results show that biogas pits is higher than the others in comprehensive benefit.Advantages and limiting factors of biogas pits in popularization were analyzed by means of cost-benefit analysis,cash flow analysis and sensibility analysis.Results indicate that not only the constitutes of energy are optimized by household biogas pits decreasing the contribution of the traditional energy always used in low efficiency,but also the payment for chemical fertilizer and insecticides and time could be saved.Moreover,it will bring great benefit to the local farmers.The main limiting factors in extension of household biogas pits may be the shortage of environment protection awareness,and money and management of the research area.In the end,some suggestions are put forth for extension of biogas pits,in light of technical level of the society and the economy of the research area.