Abstract: The exploitation of rural household-based economy plays important roles both in improving ecological environment and in raising the output of the economic systems. In this paper, we expounded, based on the view point of ecological economy and the principles of ecological engineering and integrated With the typical patterns of ecological-economic systems in the rural household-based economy of Fuyang Districts of Anwei Province, the significance and potential of the exploitation of such economy. A summing-up and introduction of the different models of ecological engineering used in the rural household-based ecomony exploitation and utilization, based on the symbiotic principles, substance cycling and regeneration principles, life-environment adaptation principles and optimization methods of system engineering were also made in this experiment. Measures have been investigated so that the cropping, forestry,animal husbandry, sideline occupations,fishery, rural industry, commerecial, constryction, transportation, services could be mutually promoted and the output of rural household-based ecological economic system highly raised by using fully the resoures and simultaneously protecting the ecological environment. This experiment, as a whole, is also useful to promote the readjusting of the rural production structure and to exploit andutilize the rural household economy.