Abstract: Farmers' participation in unified prevention and control is of great significance for protecting rural ecological environment and high-quality development of agriculture. Based on the perspective of village governance, this study empirically analyzed the impact and mechanism of village governance on farmers' participation in unified prevention and control behaviors by using data from China Rural Revitalization Survey in 2020. The results show that: Firstly, effective village governance significantly increases the probability of farmers' participation in unified prevention and control. This conclusion still holds after passing the instrumental variable and a series of robustness tests, which means that village governance can promote farmers' participation in unified prevention and control. Secondly, village governance provides financial support for farmers' participation in unified prevention and control by promoting the development of rural collective economy and increasing farmers' household incomes. Thirdly, village governance has different effects on farmers with different education levels, physical health conditions and the locations of villages, and its effects are more obvious on farmers with higher education levels, good health conditions and those in suburban areas of cities. Therefore, the conclusion of this paper is of great significance to strengthen village governance, promote farmers' participation in unified prevention and control, reduce the use of chemical pesticides, maintain ecological balance, promote sustainable agricultural development and realize the overall revitalization of rural areas.