Abstract: Paddy field is an important source of CH₄ emissions, and developing CH₄ emission factors tailored to different water-saving irrigation practices of paddy fields in China is crucial for formulating effective mitigation strategies. Based on a literature review, this study established a dataset comprising 156 pairs of CH₄ observations and 111 pairs of rice yield data. Two emission factor methods were employed to quantify the effects of different water-saving irrigation practices, rice cultivation patterns, and fertilizer types on CH₄ emissions, and the accuracy of these methods was validated using model evaluation metrics. The results indicate that both the mean method (M1) and the regression coefficient method based on empirical models (M2) successfully simulated CH₄ emissions under various water-saving irrigation practices. However, M1 outperformed M2 in all performance metrics, with R² values ranging from 0.74 to 0.95 and model efficiency (ME) varying between 0.63 and 0.95. Based on the best-performing emission factor method (M1), this study found that controlled irrigation (CI) exhibited the highest potential for CH₄ reduction in paddy fields, and the dimensionless emission factors of CI ranged from 0.11 to 0.59, surpassing those of alternate wetting and drying (AWD, from 0.41 to 0.84) and other water-saving irrigation practices (0.39 to 0.75). Considering the impact of water-saving irrigation practices on rice yields, implementing CI could result in yield losses between 18.8% and 44.7%, whereas AWD and intermittent irrigation (Ⅱ) may lead to yield increases (from -0.76% to 9.82%). These findings underscore the importance of differentiating water regimes in evaluating the suitability of water-saving irrigation practices. Looking ahead, efforts should focus on developing region-specific water-saving irrigation technologies in urban areas or national agricultural science and technology parks, with large-scale demonstration and promotion to achieve the dual goals of increasing rice yields and reducing CH₄ emissions in paddy fields.