Abstract: Litopenaeus vannamei, a highly prized aquaculture species, has garnered immense popularity among consumers due to its succulent and nutritious flesh. The quality of this shrimp has garnered significant attention as food safety and healthy dietary concerns have escalated. Consequently, the present study embarked on a three-month-long surveillance of the entire shrimp cultivation process, aiming to elucidate the contamination patterns of organophosphorus pesticides (OPPs) in aquatic products and their surrounding environment. Additionally, we aim to identify the primary sources of OPPs on the basis of material conservation principles and the PCA-MLR model. Such analysis serves as a crucial foundation for the management of aquaculture practices and the enhancement of shrimp quality. The study's findings reveal that the concentration range of ΣOPPs in adult Litopenaeus vannamei hovered between 227-261 ng·g^-1 ww, posing an acceptable health risk. Furthermore, the OPPs concentrations in water, sediment, and suspended matter throughout the aquaculture cycle ranged from 89-417 ng·L^-1, 140-445 g·g^-1 dw, and 217-555 g·g^-1 dw, respectively, all falling within the moderate pollution level. Notably, dimethoate emerged as the dominant contributor among all environmental media. The material conservation analysis indicates that feed and influent water were the primary sources of OPPs in the aquaculture environment. The contributions from rainfall and surface runoff were relatively small. The PCA-MLR-based partitioning analysis further reveal that OPPs in suspended matter were significantly influenced by feed. Although the impact of water sources on OPPs in aquaculture water and sediment could not be overlooked, other unknown pathways await further elucidation. In conclusion, prioritizing the quality of pond feed and incoming water holds paramount importance in enhancing the water quality of aquaculture ponds and, ultimately, the quality of shrimp. This study underscores the need for continued vigilance and scientific investigation to ensure the sustainability and safety of Litopenaeus vannamei aquaculture.