新疆阿勒泰湿地植物和土壤碳氮磷生态化学计量特征及其影响因素

    C, N, P Stoichiometric Characteristics and Influencing Factors of Plants and Soils in Altai Wetland, Xinjiang, China

    • 摘要: 为了揭示新疆阿勒泰湿地植物和土壤碳氮磷含量及生态化学计量关系,以阿勒泰地区高山沼泽和平原沼泽为研究对象,采用野外调查、采样与测定分析等方法研究了植物和土壤化学计量特征及其与环境因子的关系。结果表明:(1)阿勒泰山地沼泽土壤有机碳、全氮含量及C/P比、N/P比显著高于平原沼泽土壤,而植物碳氮磷含量及其化学计量比没有呈现类似的规律。(2)阿勒泰地区湿地植物生长主要受氮限制,高山沼泽土壤主要受磷限制,而平原沼泽土壤氮磷元素均较为缺乏。(3)植物磷含量、C/P比、N/P比受土壤环境因子的调控,磷含量与土壤含水量和降水量呈显著正相关,与温度呈显著负相关。(4)土壤有机碳、全氮、全磷含量及C/P比、N/P比受气温、降水、土壤容重及含水量的影响显著,各元素含量及其化学计量比与土壤容重和气温呈显著负相关,与土壤含水量和降水量呈显著正相关。(5)在阿勒泰湿地植物-土壤系统中存在碳氮磷的化学计量相互作用,且土壤各元素含量调控了植物磷含量。研究结果对明晰该地区不同类型沼泽湿地植被和土壤养分状况及限制因子具有重要意义,可为该区域沼泽湿地生态系统的养分调控提供科学依据。

       

      Abstract: To investigate the ecological stoichiometric relationship between plant and soil carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus content, as well as their association with environmental factors in Altai Wetland, Xinjiang, we conducted field investigations, sampling, measurements, and analyses in both alpine marsh and plain marsh areas. The findings can be summarized as follows: (1) Soil organic carbon, total nitrogen, carbon-to-phosphorus ratio, and nitrogen-to-phosphorus ratio in the Altai mountain marsh soil were significantly higher than those in the plain marsh soil. However, the carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus in plants and their stoichiometric ratios did not show similar patterns. (2) In Altai, the growth of wetland plants was primarily limited by nitrogen, while alpine marsh soil was predominantly limited by phosphorus, and plain marsh soil exhibited a relative shortage of both nitrogen and phosphorus. (3) Soil environmental factors regulated plant phosphorus content, carbon-to-phosphorus ratio, and nitrogen-to-phosphorus ratio. Phosphorus content showed a significant positive correlation with soil water content and precipitation, but a negative correlation with temperature. (4) Air temperature, precipitation, soil bulk density, and soil water content had significant impacts on soil organic carbon, total nitrogen, total phosphorus, carbon-to-phosphorus ratio, and nitrogen-to-phosphorus ratio. All these elements and their stoichiometric ratios were significantly and negatively correlated with soil bulk density and air temperature, while showing a significantly positive correlation with soil water content and precipitation. (5) Stoichiometric interactions of carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus were observed in the plant-soil system of Altai Wetland, with soil elements regulating plant phosphorus content. The findings provide significant implications for understanding the vegetation and soil nutrient status, as well as the limiting factors in different types of wetlands in the region. Moreover, this research provides a scientific basis for the regulation of nutrients in the wetland ecosystem in the area.

       

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