地下水埋深对干旱区沙棘生长及耗水的影响研究

    Effect of Groundwater Depth on the Growth and Water Consumption of Sea Buckthorn in Arid Regions

    • 摘要: 为探讨根域限制下地下水埋深对沙棘(Hippophne rhamnoides)生长与耗水的影响, 设置4个水平地下水埋深(3.0、2.5、2.0和1.5 m)和2种土质(砂壤土和壤土), 采用马氏瓶供水模拟地下水位, 获取不同地下水埋深条件下地下水补给量、渗漏量、生长指标变化及耗水量, 探究不同地下水埋深条件下沙棘生长特征变化及耗水规律; 并结合耗水规律和实测生长指标进行分析, 确定沙棘适宜的地下水埋深。显著性分析结果表明, 各地下水埋深处理沙棘新生枝生物量由大到小依次为2.0>2.5>3.0>1.5 m, 水分生产效率由高到低依次为2.5>2.0>3.0>1.5 m, 砂壤土条件沙棘新生枝生物量和水分生产效率均优于壤土。砂壤土栽植条件下, 地下水埋深为2.0 m时沙棘株高、茎粗及各生长指标变化均优于其他地下水埋深处理。砂壤土比壤土更适宜沙棘生长, 沙棘各生长阶段耗水强度呈先增大后减小趋势。综合水分生产效率和新生枝生物量分析结果, 地下水埋深为2.0~2.5 m且土质为砂壤土的环境较适宜沙棘生长。

       

      Abstract: To explore the effect of the groundwater burial depth on the growth and water consumption of sea buckthorn plants under the restriction of the root domain, four groundwater burial depths (3.0, 2.5, 2.0 and 1.5 m) and two soil qualities (sandy loam and loam) were evaluated. The groundwater level was simulated using a Markov flask water supply system to obtain groundwater recharge, leakage, growth index variation, and water consumption and to explore the growth characteristics and water consumption patterns of sea buckthorn under the different groundwater depth conditions. Combined with the analysis of water consumption patterns and measured growth indices, the appropriate groundwater depth for sea buckthorn was determined. The significance analysis results reveal that the relationships between the biomass of new sea buckthorn shoots and the groundwater burial depth followed the order of 2.0 m>2.5 m>3.0 m>1.5 m. Similarly, the water production efficiency indicated the order of 2.5 m>2.0 m>3.0 m>1.5 m, and sandy loam conditions were better than loam conditions. When planted in sandy loam soil, the plant height, stem thickness and other growth indices of sea buckthorn at a depth of 2.0 m were better than those under the other groundwater depth conditions. Sandy loam soil was more suitable for sea buckthorn growth than loam soil, and the water consumption intensity of sea buckthorn at each stage of the planting process first increased and then decreased. According to our comprehensive analysis, the sandy loam soil and the groundwater depth ranging from 2.0-2.5 m are better conditions for sea buckthorn growth in the arid zone of Xinjiang.

       

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