Abstract: Ancient tea tree is an important tea germplasm resource, which has high utilization value for tea resistance and quality improvement. Ancient tea tree is also an important part of the Globally Important Agricultural Heritage Systems (GIAHS) site Anxi Tieguanyin Tea Culture System. Therefore, Ancient tea tree has become the living fossil of local tea farming civilization and has unique cultural value in the revitalization of rural culture. Southern Fujian is one of the important tea producing areas in China, with rich ancient tea tree resources. Strengthening the protection and exploitation of ancient tea tree resources is of great significance to promote the development of tea industry in Southern Fujian. This paper expounds the potential value of the exploitation and utilization of ancient tea tree resources in southern Fujian, analyzes the problems faced by the protection and utilization of ancient tea tree resources, and puts forward the strategies, paths and measures for development and utilization of ancient tea tree resources, so as to provide basis for promoting the sustainable utilization of ancient tea tree resources in southern Fujian.