福建君子峰国家级自然保护区两栖类多样性时空分布

    Spatial and Temporal Distribution of Amphibian Diversity in Fujian Junzifeng National Nature Reserve

    • 摘要: 两栖类被认为是全球受威胁程度较高的类群,两栖类多样性观测可为其保护提供基础资料。为了解福建君子峰国家级自然保护区两栖类多样性的时空分布,于2018年4、6和8月选取溪流、水田和人工水渠3种生境类型,设置12条样线开展观测,记录样线内两栖类种类、数量及环境数据,计算物种丰富度、相对多度、Simpson指数、Shannon-Wiener指数、Pielou指数、Margalef指数、F指数、G指数和G-F指数9个多样性指数来比较不同生境和不同季节两栖类多样性的差异。结果显示:(1)共记录到两栖类2 124只,隶属1目7科17属22种;(2)泽陆蛙(Fejervarya multistriata)、小弧斑姬蛙(Microhyla heymonsi)、弹琴蛙(Nidirana adenopleura)和黄岗臭蛙(Odorrana huanggangensis)为优势种,且在3个月份中均记录到国家Ⅱ级重点保护动物虎纹蛙(Hoplobatrachus chinensis);(3)Pearson相关分析显示气温、水温和湿度与两栖类物种丰富度、相对多度和Shannon-Wiener指数呈显著正相关关系;(4)6月物种丰富度、相对多度、Shannon-Wiener指数、Margalef指数、F指数和G指数均明显高于4月;8月仅物种丰富度、相对多度和G指数高于4月;(5)G-F指数不受生境类型和观测时间的影响。

       

      Abstract: Amphibians are among the world′s most threatened species, and the amphibian monitoring could provide the basic information for their protection. To find out the temporal and spatial pattern of amphibian diversity in Fujian Junzifeng National Nature Reserve, 12 line transects that distributing in three different habitats (stream, paddy field and artificial water channel) were selected, for the investigation of environmental data, species and number of amphibians in April, June and August 2018. Then nine diversity indexes were calculated to examine the difference of amphibian diversity in different habitats and different seasons. The results show that: (1) a total of 2 124 amphibians belonging to 22 species, 17 genera, 7 families and 1 order were observed; (2) Fejervarya multistriata, Microhyla heymonsi, Nidirana adenopleura, and Odorrana huanggangensis were the dominant species in all the line transects, and Hoplobatrachus chinensis, the national class Ⅱ protected animal, had been recorded in all seasons; (3) the Pearson correlation analysis show that air temperature, water temperature and humidity positively affected species richness, relative species abundance, and Shannon-Wiener index; (4) species richness, relative abundance, Shannon-Wiener index, Margalef index, F index, and G index in June were significantly higher than those in April, but only species richness, relative abundance, and G index were higher in August than those in April; (5) the G-F index was not influenced by habitat type and observation time.

       

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