Abstract: In April-June, 2016-2018, line transect method was used to investigate the species diversity of breeding birds in Guanshan region. The results show that 142 species, belong to 42 families from 14 orders, were found in Guanshan area during breeding season. The region possesses both characteristics of the Oriental realm and the Palaearctic realm. In this region, the avian community diversity index was 3.985 6, the evenness index was 0.804 2, and the dominance index was 0.030 2. According to different vegetation and altitude, the survey area was divided into four habitat types: low altitude farming belt, mid-altitude deciduous broad-leaved forest belt, mid-high altitude coniferous broad-leaved mixed forest belt, and high altitude subalpine meadow belt. The mid-altitude deciduous broad-leaved forest belt had the most species quality and highest diversity and evenness index, while the mid-high altitude coniferous broad-leaved mixed forest belt had the highest bird density, and the high altitude subalpine meadow belt had the highest bird dominance index. The similarity index was generally higher between adjacent habitats than between separate habitats. The bird species richness in different habitats showed some differences, but the inter annual variation of species richness in the entire study area and the same habitat zone was not obvious. The composition of dominant species was distinctly different in four habitat belts, and basically no change between the years. According to the different food habits of various birds, they can be divided into four feeding groups. When correlated to elevation, the highest bird species richness was found in those habitats at mid-elevation. Guanshan in Longxian County is an important channel for the migration and communication of some birds. Through the research and analysis of the structure and diversity of Guanshan breeding birds community, it provides relevant basic data for future conservation of bird diversity.