Abstract: With the rapid development of economy, heavy metal pollution of soil have become more and more serious. Among numerous remediation techniques, phytoremediation is one of the research hotspots in the field of soil remediation, which features low cost and less environmental disturbance. However, some hyperaccumulator plants are still limited by the cultivation technology and not in a fit state to generate economic benefits at present, which restricts the large-scale application of heavy metal contamination remediation. Therefore, researchers have begun to focus on finding some new remediation plants. Bamboo species have attracted attention in the phytoremediation of heavy metal contaminated soil in recent years. Recent studies have shown that bamboo species are highly tolerable to heavy metals in soil and capable of absorbing such heavy metals. Besides, they are characterized by high biomass, simple cultivation, high economic benefits and strong adaptability to environment. So, it can be inferred that bamboo demonstrates high application potential and huge application prospects in the phytoremediation of contaminated soil. The current states and progress of bamboo species in the phytoremediation of heavy metal contaminated soil are outlined systematically in this article, including the growth responses, accumulation and enrichment of heavy metals in bamboo species, transport characteristics of heavy metals, mechanisms of phytoremediation and strengthening measures. The advantages of bamboo species in growth and economy are analyzed in comparison with other remediation plants, which shows bamboo species are feasible to the phytoremediation of heavy metal contaminated soil. In view of the shortcomings of existing researches, the scientific reference and research trend on the phytoremediation of heavy metal contaminated soil are presented.