Abstract: Invasive alien species are a major threats to biodiversity at the global level. China is among the countries most affected by invasive alien species. Especially in recent years, the situation has changed greatly, displaying a number of new characteristics. In coping with the changing situation, it is found that the governance system is incomplete, management strategy imperfect, technological support inadequate and management capacity insufficient in the country. It is, therefore,governance system, a “seamless” supervision network over the entire process of “introduction- population establishment – dissimilation and proliferation – hazard formation”, and a set of control measures high in technical level and comprehensive applicability. To address the issue, a holistic governance system is brought forth, that including framework, targets, scope, objects, fundamental principles, main institutions and measures, which tentatively form a program for building up a supervision and management system for prevention and control of invasive alien species posing environmental hazards.