3种典型兽药抗生素的环境暴露评估

王娜; 王昝畅; 葛峰; 许静; 单正军

3种典型兽药抗生素的环境暴露评估

Environmental Exposure Assessment of Three Typical Kinds of Veterinary Antibiotics

摘要

摘要: 建立了兽药在不同环境介质中的暴露浓度预测方法，选择我国养殖业常用的3种典型兽药抗生素磺胺二甲嘧啶（SDM）、土霉素（OTC）和恩诺沙星（ENF），对其环境暴露评估进行研究。结果显示，粪便中SDM的土壤预测暴露水平（PEC）为53.07～735.07 mg•kg^-1，OTC的PEC为13.30～160.51 mg•kg^-1，ENF的PEC为1.60～40.35 mg•kg^-1；土壤中SDM的最大PEC为534.84～13820.24 μg•kg^-1，OTC的最大PEC为172.66～3054.71 μg•kg^-1，ENF的最大PEC为67.61～2484.71 μg•kg^-1；地表水中SDM的PEC为134.27～3469.62 μg•L^-1，OTC的PEC为0.12～2.18 μg•L^-1，ENF的PEC为0.02～0.87 μg•L^-1。通过比较PEC与相关文献的实际检测结果，初步探索了兽药环境暴露预测模型在我国兽药环境暴露评估中的适用性。

Abstract: A method was established to the predict environmental exposure level of veterinary drugs, and used in the study on environmental exposure assessment of sulfadimidine (SDM), oxytetracycline (OTC) and enrofloxacin (ENF) in China, which are the 3 most frequently used types of veterinary antibiotics in China. In animal dung, SDM ranged between 53.07-735.07 mg·kg^-1 in PEC, OTC between 13.30-160.51 mg·kg^-1and ENF between 1.60-40.35 mg·kg^-1; while in soil, the highest PEC did between 534.84-13820.24 μg·kg^-1with SDM, between 172.66-3054.71 μg·kg^-1with OTC and between 67.61-2484.71 μg·kg^-1with ENF; and in water it did between134.27-3469.62 μg·L^-1 with SDM, between 0.12-2.18 μg·L^-1with OTC and between 0.02-0.87 μg·L^-1 with ENF. By comparing PEC with the measured data reported in literatures, primary exploration was done to evaluate applicability of the veterinary drug environmental exposure prediction modelof veterinary drugs in China.

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